Un puente entre oriente y occidente

IThe Romans called Sinae  to that uncertain empire wich took place in the far east of the world. The name derives from the Chinese word for silk: si.  In the first century BC, the Chinese explorer of the Han Dynasty, Zhang Qian, informed the Emperor Wu Di of the existence of a vast western dominion he called Da Qin. It was Rome. He said that to get to it, they had to cross a sea, the Mediterranean, which, according to the strength and direction of the wind, could sue three weeks or three years. From China, the Romans received the role, sandalwood, drugs, spices and especially silk. From Rome, the Chinese took in cotton, wool, coral, amber.  With the expansion of intermediate empires in Central Asia and the development of manufacturing, trade between the two ends of the known world was strengthened. Not only goods, of course, but also ideas, beliefs, religions traded.  In 1877 the German explorer and geographer Ferdinand von Richthofen called this  traffic silk road -seindastrase in German.  Although the proposition is expressed in singular it points out really a vast network of roads that crossed Eurasia for almost two thousand years in many directions, linking East and West.

The Silk Road had its moments of splendor and decline.  In the thirteenth century, the expansion of the Tartar empire, which gained control of almost all of Asia, and the consequent pax mongolica  favored perhaps as never the development of trade and traffic of the Silk Road.  From an to the ports of Eastern Mediterranean -Ayas, Constantinople, Soldaia, Acre- and bound for somewhere in East -China, India, Persia, Syria, Arabia- came and went many caravans crowded of goods. To protect merchants, roads, shelter -caravanserais-, walls and cities were built; armies were formed  

The final decline of the Silk Road was in the fifteenth century. The gradual dismemberment of the Tartar empire, the expansion of the Muslim Caliphate in the Middle East and Central Asia and the development of sea routes by the Atlantic defined its destiny.

 

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